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  3. A-0144. 昔の人工無脳と今のAI — T.T

2023.02.08

A-0144. 昔の人工無脳と今のAI — T.T

 
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昔の人工無脳と今のAI

発行:エスオーエル株式会社
https://a13.hm-f.jp/cc.php?t=M364492&c=6090&d=eb6f

連載「X線CTで高精度寸法測定!?」
2023年2月8日号 VOL.144

平素は格別のお引き立てを賜り、厚く御礼申し上げます。
X線CTによる精密測定やアプリケーション開発情報などをテーマに、
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中学生の頃、時々「人工無脳」で遊びました。
人工無脳というのは、コンピュータプログラムで、
いわゆるチャットボットです。

人間がキーボード入力で話しかけると、会話が始まります。
人工無脳は、最初何も知らないので、単語一つ一つに対して、
「それはどういう意味?」と定義を聞いてきます。

ある程度、定義が蓄積されると、
あたかもコンピュータと会話しているようになりますが、
結局は、トートロジーか循環論法になっており、
人間が会話から得るものはありません。

(人工無脳と会話したという経験は価値があると思っています。)

さて、現在では、多くの人工無脳系プログラムが存在しており、
関わったことのない人が少なくなっている状況です。

直接的に、スマホに話しかけている人や
企業の問合せの際に接したことのある人も多いはずですが、
知らないうちにチャットボットのお世話になっているということもあります。

昔のように無知の人工無脳と会話して遊ぶのではなく、
目的を達成するようにプログラムされた今の高度なチャットボットは
現実の社会で役に立っています。


(最近話題なので)知っている人は知っていると思いますが、
私は今年に入って、驚異的なチャットAIが
ほんのつい最近出現したことを知りました。
しかも登録すれば、誰でも簡単に使えます。

日本語でも英語でも会話できます。
会話してみて、ビックリしたとしか現時点では言えません。
賛否両論、悲観楽観、様々な感想や思考が溢れてきて、
このAIや今後の世の中の変化に対する自分の考えを
文章に起こすには、少し時間が掛かりそうです。


参考までに、会話の冒頭から途中までの
連続した一部をそのまま転記します:


私:May I ask you about quantum field theory?

AI:Yes, you may ask me questions about quantum field theory.
  I'll do my best to help!

私:Is it correct that photon exchange makes electric magnetic field?

AI:Yes, that's correct.
  Photon exchange between charged particles is responsible
  for the electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetism.
  In quantum field theory, photons are considered to be the force-carrying
  particles of the electromagnetic force,
  and the exchange of photons between charged particles generates
  the electric and magnetic fields that we observe in the world around us.

私:How does quantum field become classical field?
  Is there any good theory to explain it?

AI:The transition from quantum fields to classical fields is known
  as the process of "spontaneous symmetry breaking," in which a field
  that was previously symmetrical becomes distorted in such a way
  that its symmetry is broken. This distortion can arise spontaneously,
  without any external influence,
  and is related to the phenomenon of quantum tunneling.

  There are several theories that attempt to explain this process,
  including the theory of decoherence, which states that interactions
  between a quantum system and its environment cause
  the quantum coherence of the system to deteriorate over time.
  This loss of coherence results in the transition from quantum behavior
  to classical behavior, as the quantum-mechanical phase relationships
  between different states become randomized.

  Another theory is the many-worlds interpretation,
  which asserts that the transition from quantum to classical behavior is
  due to the branching of the wavefunction into many separate "worlds" or
  "realities," each of which corresponds to a different classical configuration.
  In this interpretation, each branch of the wavefunction evolves
  independently and thus the overall quantum-mechanical superposition is lost.

  Ultimately, there is still much to be understood about this transition,
  and different interpretations have their own strengths and weaknesses.

私:Is "inverse square law" an assumption for a theory,
  or derived from quantum field theory?

AI:The inverse square law is a fundamental empirical law of physics
  that states that the magnitude of a force or a field decreases with
  the square of the distance from its source.
  It is not derived from quantum field theory but is rather a basic principle
  that has been experimentally confirmed over many years of scientific inquiry.

  In the context of electromagnetism,
  the inverse square law is used to describe the behavior
  of electric and magnetic fields, and is a direct consequence of the fact that
  these fields are propagated as waves that radiate outward from their source.

  Quantum field theory, on the other hand,
  provides a different and more fundamental way of understanding
  the behavior of these fields by describing them as being generated
  by the exchange of virtual particles (photons) between charged particles.
  Although the inverse square law is not derived from quantum field theory,
  it can be seen as a result of the underlying interactions
  between charged particles and photons, as described by the theory.

私:Is "inverse square law" an assumption for a theory,
  or derived from quantum field theory? (再度同じ質問)

AI:The inverse square law is a well-established empirical fact
  that has been verified experimentally many times.
  It states that the strength of a force decreases proportional to
  the square of the distance from the source of the force.
  In the case of electromagnetic forces,
  such as the force between two charged particles,
  the inverse square law is a direct result of Maxwell's equations,
  which describe the behavior of electromagnetic fields.

  Quantum field theory extends and provides a deeper understanding
  of classical field theories like electromagnetism,
  including the inverse square law. In quantum field theory,
  the electromagnetic field is described as a quantum field,
  and the exchange of photons between charged particles is responsible
  for the electromagnetic force.
  The inverse square law in this context can be derived from the equation
  describing the propagation of photons in the electromagnetic field.

  Therefore, while the inverse square law is not an assumption
  of quantum field theory, it is a consequence of the theory
  that is consistent with experimental observations.

私:Would you derive the inverse square law
  from the property of 3-dimensional space?

 (この後、AIが長々と数式を使って説明してくれました。)



一つ言えることは、面白い遊び相手を見つけました。


--
高野智暢

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